Particularly in view of the fact that it was found shortly after alexanders victorious campaigns in northwest india during 327 b. The empire was basically divided into four provinces, with the royal capital based at pataliputra. As with any other great empire, the genesis of maurya empire was in the economic and military strength of its heartland and the ability of its leaders to asset their military power beyond their frontiers. Kautalyas arthashastra, ashokas inscriptions, and megastheneses accounts collectively are the important sources of the information on various aspects of administration, economy, society, and religion of the people.
Author is a renowned historian on the mauryas and ancient india. Somewhat before the time of the mauryan empire, about 2400 years ago, began to built this wall. Mauryan art reflected an influence of the sprit of the persian and hellenistic art but the spirit of execution and perfect craftsmansship accure it to being solely mauryan. Context of the arthashastra since this research work deals with the mauryan empire from a political perspective, a brief discussion regarding the sources, chronology, nature of state, statecraft and administrative institutions and procedures of the mauryan period will help us to understand the topic properly. These notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like banking po, ssc, state civil services exams and so on. The rudradaman and junagarh inscriptions tell that the empire of chandragupta maurya was extended in the south also. Chandragupta was an efficient administrator and used elaborate administrative framework to effectively rule his empire that stretched from bengal in east to saurashtra in west and afghanistan and pakistan in north to andhra in. The mauryan empire under chandragupta maurya spread its boundaries into central asia and persia. Magadha and some adjacent mahajanapadas were under direct administration. This destabilized the political scenario among the aryan states in the region, allowing the first great conqueror in indian history.
Mar 25, 2020 mauryan empire, in ancient india, a state centred at pataliputra later patna near the junction of the son and ganges ganga rivers. Tirthas and adhyakshas in the mauryan administration tirthas and adhyakshas in the mauryan administration iii senapatr omman ermc e. The establishment of the mauryan empire in contrast to the earlier smaller kingdoms ushered in a new form of government, that of a centralized empire. Kautilya the foremost political theorist of ancient india advocated that the king should take the advice of his ministry in running the administration. Food in mauryan period, food in ancient india food in mauryan period largely includes the food and drinks during 300bc to 75 ad which has been extensively discussed in arthashastra, rock edicts of ashoka and accounts of greek historians. Mauryan empire administration, art and architecture youtube.
This document is highly rated by upsc students and has been viewed 43 times. Centralized administration of mauryan empire syskool. Asoka and the decline of the mauryas, third edition. The most famous king of the mauryan dynasty was ashoka, the. Tosali was the capital of the eastern province, ujjain in the west, savarn in the south, and taxila in the north. Chandragupta first gained power in the ganges valley, but with his army he soon conquered much of northern india. It was one of the strongest empires of the world at that time. It was governed by a centralized form of government. Chandragupta 320300 bc, was the builder of the first indian imperial power, the mauryan empire. There is evidence from the reports of megathenes, a greek ambassador, and from the arthasastra, of relatively centralized administration in the center part. Annual activity report 2018 european school of administration. How did the mauryan empire use their beliefs systems.
Mauryan empire pdf download for ssc,upsc,nda,cds,bpsc,uppsc to download this file click on the download button given below. Megasthenes also gives some information in his book indika. The two hundred years of gupta rule may be said to mark the climax of hindu imperial tradition. The mauryan administration system the mauryan administration system was efficient and monarchical. Lets take a look at its history, government, achievements and some interesting facts.
The empire was divided into provinces, districts and villages. Comprising the majority of south asia, the maurya empire was centralized by the conquest of the indogangetic plain, and its capital city was located at pataliputra modern. How did the gupta golden age impact india, other regions, and later periods in history. Mauryan and gupta economy literature gupta literature mauryan literature gupta economy mauryan economy unlike the mauryan empire, literature was written extensively, especially narratives. How did the mauryan empire use their beliefs systems and philosophical ideas to gain, consolidate, and maintain power. There is no unanimity with regard to the ancestry of the mauryas. Mauryan empire in india history study materials exams. Some of the most famous types were fables and tales.
That the empire existed is a testament to the strength of the rulers at the time to unify such a vast region. The mauryan empire was divided into four provinces with the imperial capital at pataliputra. Panindian character of mauryan administration the mauryan empire beginning with chandragupta maurya was not only very vast, but it was an empire with an allindia character. Apr 22, 20 mauryan empire s development history mauryan empire founder. The sannidhata was an officer in charge of the treasury. The empire stretched from magadha present day bihar, eastern uttar pradesh to the eastern side of indian subcontinent.
Chandragupta established a strong centralised state with an administration at pataliputra, which, according to. The king, as the supreme and sovereign authority of the mauryan empire, had the supreme executive, legislative and judicial powers. Ashoka 268232 bc most important ruler in ancient india brutal military commander who extended the empire throughout s. Centralization in the maurya empire world civilization. The mauryan empire had the privileged of having successful administrators such as chandragupta maurya, bindusara maurya and ashoka the great. The capital city of the mauryan empire is pataliputra. Tirthas and adhyakshas in the mauryan administration. The mauryan empire was the first indian empire to be politically united, economically robust and militarily powerful. From the point of view of literature, religion, art, architecture, commerce and colonial development, this period is undoubtedly the.
What were the strengths and weaknesses of the mauryan. Imperial administration in han china and mauryan gupta india. Mauryan empire students britannica kids homework help. Gupta empire there isnt much of a difference in geography between the mauryan and the gupta empires as the gupta empire was the predecessor of the mauryan. The mauryan dynasty a the mauryan empire was one of the largest empires to rule india. Mauryan administration, mauryan empire, indian history, ancient. Many competing kingdoms were spread across the northern plains. Apr, 20 mauryan empireadministration the mauryan empire had smooth administration and efficient rulers. At its height, the empire stretched over parts of modern iran and almost the entire indian subcontinent, barring only the southern peninsular tip. Administration, economy and society the mauryan empire.
The king of the mauryan government was the head of the mauryan empire administration. The mauryan era witnessed very few literary contributions. Over the last few years, the mauryan dynasty has conquered lots of land for the indian empire. There were various names of empire rajya, rashtra, desha. Originating from the kingdom of magadha in the indogangetic plain modern bihar, eastern uttar pradesh in the eastern side of the indian subcontinent, the empire had its capital city at pataliputra modern patna. They collected taxes and controlled the dealings connected to the land. Mauryan empire pdf download for ssc,upsc,nda,cds,bpsc,uppsc. They both ruled much of what is now india, and shared the same capitol city. Chandragupta maurya was one of the vastest empires of ancient india. It is not clear about who were his parents as different records are present. More so the mauryan empire rose to power after defeating the foreign invaders whom chandragupta maurya drove out of the country. It lasted from about 321 to 185 bce and was the first empire to encompass most of the indian subcontinent. From ashokan edicts, the name of the four provincial capitals were.
The mauryan empire 322 bce 185 bce supplanted the earlier magadha kingdom to assume power over large tracts of eastern and northern india. The samharta was the collector general of revenue of the kingdom. The mauryan empire katy independent school district. The caves during the mauryan period were marked by a highly polished finish of. Officials called pradeshikas or sthanikas were in charge of districts.
Administration and bureaucracy ramsey major reference. In 322 bc, chandragupta maurya, the ruler of magadha, began to assert its authority over the neighbouring kingdoms. Finally, magadha emerged victoriously and was able to gain sovereignty. As these scripts were inscribed on rocks and pillars they are known as rock edicts or pillar edicts.
The provinces were subdivided into districts, and these in turn were divided into smaller units. The administration of mauryan empire was decentralized and the. Jun 25, 2018 indias maurya and gupta empires had many things in common. According to megasthenes, the empire wielded a military of 600,000 infantry, 30,000 cavalry, 8,000 chariots and 9,000 war elephants besides followers and attendants. Class 11 th arts the mauryan period administration, religious policy, education system and character of ashoka. Additions to the wall were made over a period of 2000 years because the frontiers of the empire kept shifting. Gk, general studies, optional notes for upsc, ias, banking, civil services. This broad framework of administrative organization was adopted by many succeeding dynasties. Expansion in the mauryan dynasty the indian express. During the rule of ashoka the mauryan empire was organized formally into five parts. The mauryan imperial polity held sway over nearly three quarters of indias landmass for a period little less than two centuries. Asoka and the decline of the mauryas, third edition romila.
Public administration characteristics and performance in eu28. The mauryan state had a wellorganized civil service. The mauryan army was one of the largest armies across the globe. This apparatus covered within its range various levels of administration. The council of ministers municipal administration 1. The mauryan empire was a pan indian empire founded by chandragupta maurya. Chandragupta maurya was succeeded by his son bindusara in 298 bc who expanded the kingdom over most of presentday india, except kalinga. Maurya dynasty in hindi remember easily ashoka, chanakya, chandragupta maurya, magadha duration. The maurya empire was a geographically extensive iron age historical power based in magadha and founded by chandragupta maurya which dominated the indian subcontinent between 322 and 185 bce. Mauryan administration, mauryan empire, indian history. Ashoka is considered the most significant ruler of the empire.
One of the most important and significant dynasty that existed before christ is the mauryan empire founded by chandragupta maurya. This classic provides a comprehensive history of the mauryan empire. This quiz is made by kis 6f social studies jay, eugene, jun, and tonny. The four mahajanapadas magadha, kosala, avanti and vatsa were vying for supremacy from the 6 th century bc to the 4 th century bc. The ashokan rock edicts were deciphered by james princep in 1837. Mar 21, 2016 the mauryan empire is one of the most fascinating empires in india. This led to a war of succession in which bindusaras son, ashoka, defeated his brother, susima, and rose to the throne in 268 bce, eventually becoming. The head of a district ahara, the principal coordinator of the revenue and the officer incharge of general and military functions in his jurisdiction during mauryan empire was known as krori rajuka.
Chandragupta maurya established the imperial capital at pataliputra, and then split the empire into four provinces for organizational and ruling purposes. Aug 01, 2017 the maurya dynasty was founded by chandragupta maurya around 200 bce. Introduction to the mauryan empire the maurya empire, also known as the mauryan empire, was a geographically extensive iron age historical power in ancient india, ruled by the maurya dynasty from 322185 bce. What are some of the best books on the ancient mauryan empire. The mauryan empire had an efficient and centralised administrative system.
Mauryan empire administration the mauryan empire had smooth administration and efficient rulers. Mauryan empire history study material pdf examsdaily tamil. The expansion and defense of the empire was made possible by what appears to have been one of the largest armies in the world during the iron age. It can be appropriately claimed that the mauryan administration system, though monarchical, was sufficient because it had the privilege of possessing successful administrators such as chandragupta maurya, bindusara maurya and ashoka. Mauryan administration politics free 30day trial scribd. Jun 6, 2016 the maurya empire, also known as the mauryan empire, was a geographically extensive iron age historical power in ancient india, ruled by the maurya dynasty from 322185 bce. The empire was led by three major emperors, chandragupta maurya 321298 bce, bindusara 298272 bce, and ashoka 272232 bce. Chandragupta 320300 bc was the builder of the first indian imperial power, the mauryan empire. The kumara was the head of all the provincial administration. Jun 26, 2018 the mauryan empire is regarded as the countrys first centralized power. The maurya empire was a geographically extensive iron age historical power based in. The capital of the mauryan empire was the walled and moated city of. A study of the arthasastra in conjunction with the edicts provides information.
The mauryan empire indicates the triumph of monarchy as a political system over tribal republics. He was assisted by his political adviser, kautalya, who also set out the rules for the administration of the country. This article will provide ncert notes on mauryan empire for the ias exam. Chandragupta maurya, the founder of the maurya empire, ruled from 324297 bce, before voluntarily abdicating in favor of his son, bindusara, who ruled from 297 bce until his death in 272 bce. Inscriptions and literature are a valuable source to know about the history of mauryan empire. The chief source of information regarding administration under the mauryan empire is chanakyas work, arthashastra. May 04, 2020 administration, economy and society the mauryan empire, history, upsc upsc notes edurev is made by best teachers of upsc. The details about the administration under mauryas are required to answer the mcq type question about history. Petition could be submitted by the supplycan who could expect swift justice then there from the emperor. Sanskrit had emerged as a rich indian language by that time. Here we given mauryan empire history study material in the pdf format. Persian legacies of bureaucracy and public administration eolss. The king, as the supreme and sovereign authority of the mauryan empire, had the supreme executive, legislative and judicial powers and functions in the.
During the mauryan period, caves were generally used as viharas, i. The maurya empire became a very powerful forming one of the first centralized government with a large standing army of 700,000 men and 9000 elephants in the indian subcontinent. A study of the arthasastra in conjunction with the edicts provides. Mughal administration 109 to unhindered approach to him in the courtyard below the balcony. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The mauryan period of ancient indian history was initially started by the victory of northwest india by alexander the great, in 326 bc. This culminated into the establishment of the mauryan empire in about 325 bc. Administration of mauryan dynasty was in a lot ways, pretty similar to the present day indian administration. Law and justice provincial administration local administration municipal administration judicial administration. Modernist understandings, seen both in the bureaucracies of modern empires and in 20th. The center power of the mauryan empire was the king, but priests did have some political power.
Candidates can download history study material in tamil from our website. The maurya empire was a geographically extensive iron age historical power in ancient india, ruled by the maurya dynasty from 322185 bce. Administration during the maurya empire the mauryan empire was divided into 4 provinces with its capital at patiliputra. The mauryan empire was divided into four provinces, and at the head of each was placed a prince of the royal family or a governor. The use of art for dispersing religion exhibited through the edicts on stone pillars besides, the system of missionaries for propagating religion were notable features.
A prince or any other member of the royal family looked after the provinces. In gupta empire, the king was directed in his administration by a community and group consisting of a chief minister and a senapati. It was meant to protect the northern frontier of the empire from pastoral people. Tosali in the east, ujjain in the west, suvarnagiri in the south and taxila in the north were the four provincial capitals.
The starting of mauryan empire is from accession of chandragupta maurya to the throne of magadha in 321 bc. As a geographical entity as we know of india today, india has been united just thrice. The mauryan empire was an efficient and highly organized autocracy with a standing army and civil service. It was welltrained and a pro at using several formations at the battlefield. The purohitas, senapatis and dauvarikas and durgapala were other officials who helped in administration. Apart from the court art or royal patronage, cavearchitecture, sculpture, and pottery took the expressions of art by individual effort cave architecture. Mauryan empire was the largest empire in the whole of the ancient world. Founded by chandragupta maurya, the mauryan empire dominated ancient india from 322 bce to 187 bce. The central government provincial administration finances.