Diverticulitis occurs when the diverticula become inflamed causing fever, leukocytosis, and left lower abdominal tenderness. Diverticulosis exists when multiple diverticula are present without inflammation or symptoms. Pathophysiology of diverticular disease author links open overlay panel toshiki mimura md consultant surgeon a f1 anton emanuel md, mrcp senior lecturer, consultant gastroenterologist b michael a kamm md, frcp, fracp professor of gastroenterology b. Food passes through the stomach into the small intestine where the nutrients are broken down into absorbable carbohydrates, fats, and protein. Proposed theories in the literature link the start of a diverticulitis attack to obstruction of one or more diverticula by faecalith hardened stool or food particles 3.
These pouches may form anywhere along the intestine, but are most commonly found at the end of the descending and sigmoid colons on the left side of the abdomen. Expert nursing intervention can help patients defy this disease. Sometimes, however, one or more of the pouches become inflamed or infected. Diverticulosis is simply the presence of these tiny bulges or pockets diverticula in your colon. Diverticulitis is usually diagnosed during an acute attack. This may result from obstruction of the diverticulum, for example, by inspissated feces or a fecolith, leading to bacterial overgrowth, gas and toxin production, and mucosal injury. Diverticulitis 3 nursing diagnosis and interventions by. Nursing care plan a client with diverticulitis rnenotes. Weve taken what the science shows image mnemonics work but weve boosted the effectiveness by building and associating memorable characters, interesting audio stories, and builtin quizzing. Diverticular disease diverticulosis, diverticulitis is a general term that refers to the presence of diverticula, small pouches in the large intestinal. Similarly, an increase in pressure inside the colon causes pockets or bulges diverticula to form in weakened areas of your colons walls.
In its chronic form, patients may have recurrent bouts of lowgrade or overt diverticulitis. Nursing care plan for diverticulosis diverticulitis nrsng. Diverticulitis pathophysiology diverticula acquired or congenital can affect small or large intestine may be related to an increase in intramural pressure occurs in the weakest areas of the colonic wall adjacent to the vasa recta mesenteric side of the colon joffe, s, kachulis, a. Ukoha identify the following nursing diagnoses pain related to inflamed bowel and possible peritonitis. Diverticula are most common in the lower portion of the large intestine. Diverticulitis clinical medicine gastroenterology free. Diverticulitis and diverticulosis nursing management rnpedia. Help patients defy diverticular disease ce article nursingcenter. A study published in the august 27, 2008, issue of jama, however, showed that this is not the case.
The digestive system is essential in breaking down food and eliminating waste. Diverticulitis pathophysiology, podcast, and nursing care plan. Diverticulosis is the formation of numerous tiny pockets, or diverticula, in the lining of the bowel. However, diverticulosis can lead to diverticulitis. The pathogenesis of the disorder involves three major areas.
This book is distributed under the terms of the creative commons. Aug 01, 2019 that condition is known as diverticulitis dievurtikyoolietis. We go in depth into the pathophysiology, etiology and everything else you need to know. Although diverticulitis has been generally considered a disease of older adults, as many as 20% of patients with diverticulitis are younger than 50 years. Proposed pathophysiology of acute colonic diverticulitis. Nursing care plan examples free care plans list nurseslabs. This part of the book educates you in detail about the four important and very critical stages of diverticulitis diet that one should follow to sail through the healing period of this disease. Diverticulosis and diverticulitis gastroenterology jama.
Diverticulitis occurs when diverticula tear, resulting in inflammation, and in some cases, infection. Terminology diverticular disease is often used to describe asymptomatic diverticulosis and the spectrum of complications of colonic diverticulosis. Pathophysiology and clinical presentation diverticulitis. So our priority nursing concepts for a patient with diverticulosis or diverticulitis are pretty selfexplanatory. Diverticulitis 3 nursing diagnosis and interventions nursing diagnosis and interventions. Diverticular disease is most common in adults ages 40 and older. Diverticulosis and diverticulitis interventions for nursing.
This causes marblesized pouches to protrude through the colon wall. Diverticula are outpouchings or bulges which occur when the inner, lining layer of the large intestine colon bulges out herniates through the outer, muscular layer. Pathophysiology and prevention of diverticulitis and perforation. Pathologically, diverticulitis occurs when the mucosa of diverticula becomes inflamed. Diverticulosis and diverticulitis nclex question quiz. The disease affects 30% of adults older than age 60. The pathophysiology of diverticula formation is directly related to the structure of, and elevated. Weve taken what the science shows image mnemonics work but weve boosted the effectiveness by building and associating memorable characters. Master diverticulosis and diverticulitis assessment with picmonic for nursing rn with picmonic, facts become pictures. Pathogenesis of colonic diverticular disease springerlink. As a nurse providing care to a patient with diverticulosis or diverticulitis, it is important to know the classic signs and symptoms of these two types of divercular diseases, diet management, complications, and. Picmonic for nursing rn covers information that is relevant to your entire nursing rn education. In this nursing care plan guide are 8 nursing diagnosis for patients on prolonged bed rest.
Diverticulitis results from a microscopic or macroscopic perforation of a diverticulum due to diverticular inflammation and focal necrosis. Thursday, may 21, 2015 nursing care plan for diverticulitis. Pathogenesis of colonic diverticula is regarded as a multifactorial process, involving dietary factors western lowfiber diet, structural changes of the colonic wall altered musculature, collagen, elastin, etc. Because abdominal pain can indicate a number of problems, your doctor will need to rule out other causes for your symptoms. The patients that are at the highest risk for developing diverticulitis are. That condition is known as diverticulitis dievurtikyoolietis. Nursing care plan a client with diverticulitis diverticular disease occurs when pouches diverticula in the intestine, usually the large intestine or colon, become inflamed. Master diverticulosis and diverticulitis interventions with picmonic for nursing rn with picmonic, facts become pictures. Diverticulosis is pouches form along the intestinal wall. Diverticulitis can return, but some providers think a highfiber diet may lessen your chances of a recurrence. The circular muscle thickens in regular bands of contraction plicae circulares which control peristalsis.
A previously healthy 45yearold man presents with severe lower abdominal pain on the left side, which started 36. Diverticulitis diagnosis and treatment mayo clinic. Mild diverticulitis can be treated with rest, changes in your diet and antibiotics. Outlook prognosis most often, this is a mild condition that responds well to treatment.
Severe or recurring diverticulitis may require surgery. Most diverticulitis can be treated with medications and rest, but 25% of cases lead to complications requiring surgery, including perforation of. This article outlines the history, incidence, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing management of patients with diverticular. Mar 19, 20 nursing care plan a client with diverticulitis home nursing care plan a client with diverticulitis nursing care plan a client with diverticulitis diverticular disease occurs when pouches diverticula in the intestine, usually the large intestine or colon, become inflamed. Diverticulitis is hypothesized to arise from the complex interaction of diet and lifestyle factors, medications, genetics, and the gut microbiome.
Diverticulosis and diverticulitis assessment for nursing. Straining to defecate in the sitting or squatting position increases venous pressure and is the most common diagnosis the nurses caring for mrs. Diverticulitis can cause severe abdominal pain, fever, nausea and a marked change in your bowel habits. Colonic diverticulosis is the presence of one or more diverticula in the colon. Check this nursing care plan for diverticulosis and diverticulitis. Several factors may increase your risk of developing diverticulitis. Uncomplicated diverticulitis is without any associated complications. As a nurse providing care to a patient with diverticulosis or diverticulitis, it is important to know the classic signs and symptoms of these two types of divercular diseases, diet management, complications, and nursing interventions. Aug 06, 2019 although diverticulitis has been generally considered a disease of older adults, as many as 20% of patients with diverticulitis are younger than 50 years. The reason for the development of diverticulitis, which is the infected or inflamed diverticulum, is even less clear. Mild diverticulitis can often be treated by selfhelp steps with or without medication. A decrease in healthy bacteria and an increase in diseasecausing bacteria in your colon may also lead to diverticulitis. Diverticular disease prevention and treatment harvard health. I am a nurse practitioner student whos taking advanced pathophysiology, but havent had pathophysiology.
Lifes healing choices baker, 2007 is an excellent book promoting health and. However, because the term indicates the presence of symptoms or complications, diverticular. Pathophysiology and prevention of diverticulitis and. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Most diverticula are asymptomatic, but some become inflamed or bleed. The study found that eating nuts, corn, and popcorn does not increase the. Your doctor will likely start with a physical examination, which will include checking your abdomen for tenderness. Approximately 4 percent of patients with diverticulosis develop acute diverticulitis algorithm 1. Help patients defy diverticular disease ce article.
There are several classifications of diverticular disease ranging from asymptomatic diverticulosis to diverticulitis with complications. Other symp toms may include anorexia, constipation, nausea, diarrhea, and dysuria. The study found that eating nuts, corn, and popcorn does not increase the risk of diverticulitis or diverticular bleeding. An ultrasound of the abdomen, a sigmoidoscopy, or a barium enema are the most common diagnostic test to confirm presence of diverticulitis. Learn about the assessment, care plan goals, and nursing interventions in this post. Acute diverticulitis is inflammation due to microperforation of a diverticulum.
Eating these foods was thought to cause symptoms and lead to diverticulitis. Sigmoid colon is the most common site for diverticulitis because of fecal masses that irritate and increase pressure in the colon. Diverticulitis refers to the development of inflammation and infection in one or more diverticula. Diverticulitis involves small abscesses or infection in one or more diverticula or a perforation in the bowel. Diverticulitis is a condition involving inflammation of diverticula, small saccular herniations int the colonic wall. The longitudinal muscle also condenses in thick bands. They usually dont cause any symptoms or need to be treated. Tools to assist with patient education and resources for spiritual care, inner healing needs, and support with healthy lifestyle choices are provided. Diverticular disease is a chronic disorder that can significantly impact quality of life, and incidence of this disease is increasing. Diverticulitis 3 nursing diagnosis and interventions.
A complete diet guide for people with diverticulitis causes, diet and other remedial measures this book has been specifically designed and written for people who have been diagnosed with diverticulitis and seriously strive to heal and cure it with the help of a right, healthy and effective homemade diet. Nomenclature diverticulum saclike protrusion of the gut wall diverticulosis describes the presence of diverticuli diverticulitis inflammation of diverticuli 3. Diverticulitis is inflammation swelling and infection in one or more. Pathophysiology of diverticular disease sciencedirect. Diverticulitis may begin when bacteria or stool get caught in a pouch in your colon. Diverticular disease is one of the most preventable causes of death there is. Nursing care plan a client with diverticulitis home.
Colonic diverticulosis gastrointestinal disorders merck. Diverticulitis free download as powerpoint presentation. Whether youre studying for your classes or getting ready to conquer your nclexrn, hesi, ati, teas test, kaplan exams, were here to help. Guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology john e. Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of diverticulitis.
Make sure you check out the care plan attached to this lesson for more detailed nursing interventions and rationales. Pdf etiology and pathophysiology of diverticular disease. For each of these diverticulitis diet stages, book will unfold the real goals, guidelines, diet control measures and foods. A benign condition where pouches form along the intestine wall. Peritonitis is the inflammation of the peritoneal cavity. One complication of diverticular disease is rectal bleeding. Diverticular disease affects more men than women under age 50. This article outlines the history, incidence, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing management of patients with diverticular disease. Diverticula usually develop when naturally weak places in your colon give way under pressure. Increasing the amount of fiber in the diet can help prevent painful flareups of diverticulitis or bleeding. Pathophysiology hemorrhoids develop when venous return from the anal canal is impaired. Although diverticular disease is principally a condition that has become widespread in the 20th and 21st centuries, alexis littre, a french surgeon, first described it in the late 1700s.